U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, center, and South Korean Foreign Minister Chung Eui-yong reach out for a fist bump with Japanese Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayashi at the end of a joint press availability following their meeting in Honolulu, Feb. 12. AP-Yonhap

South Korea, the United States and Japan demonstrated a united front against North Korea's provocations via trilateral talks among their top diplomats in Honolulu, Saturday.

Experts, in general, gave a positive assessment of the high-level session among the regional powers meant to find ways to engage with North Korea, especially its timing, despite no immediate breakthrough in sight.

"Such a meeting is always good to exchange views considering there is a high probability North Korea will continue to test more missiles ― and maybe even an ICBM ― between now and April," said Harry Kazianis, senior director at the Washington-based Center for the National Interest think tank.

The trilateral event among South Korean Foreign Minister Chung Eui-yong, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Japanese Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayashi followed seven North Korean missile launches in January, the largest number of such tests conducted by the North in a single month.

Pyongyang has also threatened to consider restarting "all temporarily-suspended activities," possibly suggesting a resumption of its nuclear and intercontinental ballistic missile testing.

The North has maintained a self-imposed moratorium on nuclear weapons and long-range missile testing since late 2017.

Frank Aum, a senior expert on Northeast Asia at the U.S. Institute of Peace, agreed the meeting may have been useful but that little progress would have been possible on how to engage with North Korea.

"The meeting will be helpful to convey trilateral unity and strengthen trilateral coordination," he told Yonhap News Agency.

"However, since Washington and Tokyo are not on the same page with Seoul on North Korea policy and since Tokyo and Seoul are still far apart on historical issues, there may be very little tangible outcomes from the meeting," Aum added.

Kazianis too highlighted the importance of cooperation between South Korea, Japan and the U.S., saying, "All of the allies must be on the same page but also see if there is some way to create an atmosphere to get the DPRK to take a different path."

DPRK stands for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, North Korea's official name.

The North Korean military conducts a missile test from a railway car, Jan. 14, in this photo provided the following day by the North Korean government. AP-Yonhap

The North has shunned denuclearization negotiations since late 2019. It also remains utterly unresponsive to numerous overtures made by the U.S. since President Joe Biden took office in January 2021.

Chung earlier said he and his U.S., Japanese counterparts will discuss ways to engage with North Korea.

Top diplomats from South Korea, US, Japan urge North Korea to halt provocations, resume talks 2022-02-13 13:30  |  North Korea
He offered no direct response when asked how they planned to bring Pyongyang back to dialogue.

"We discussed various ways with regard to this issue," Chung said when asked what specific measures were discussed to engage with the North. "But I believe we cannot introduce such steps at this point in time."

Aum said restarting dialogue with North Korea would require a "stronger signal" from the U.S.

"The U.S. will need to provide a stronger signal that it is serious about developing new relations with North Korea, which could include a willingness to declare an end to the Korean War," he said, adding other steps may include partial sanctions relief for the North and the provision of humanitarian assistance, such as COVID-19 vaccines to the impoverished country.

He also said the U.S. may have mistakenly ignored the North Korea problem.

"Washington has ignored the North Korea problem as it deals with other higher priority issues like China, Russia, Afghanistan, Iran, climate change and COVID, among other things," Aum said.

"But as we are seeing, Washington will likely have to expend greater time and resources now and in the future to deal with North Korea when it could potentially have ― as the American saying goes 'nipped that problem in the bud' by taking greater conciliatory measures with Pyongyang earlier," he added.

Bruce Klinger, a senior research fellow at the Heritage Foundation, a think tank also based in Washington, said the U.S. will unlikely offer concessions to North Korea for its return to dialogue.

"Since North Korea has repeatedly violated U.N. resolutions and issued provocative threats, the U.S. should not offer yet more concessions to induce Pyongyang back to the negotiating table," he told Yonhap News Agency in an email interview.

Klinger argued the U.S. may have instead wanted to impose additional sanctions on North Korea after it launched an intermediate-range ballistic missile Jan. 30 (KST), the longest-range ballistic missile launched by Pyongyang since late 2017.

"South Korea would have rejected such entreaties as the Moon administration desperately seeks to resume dialogue with Pyongyang at all costs in the last months of its tenure regardless of North Korean behavior," he said, referring to South Korea's Moon Jae-in administration that is set to step down in May.

The U.S. had called for two U.N. Security Council meetings amid the barrage of North Korean missile launches in January but failed to push for new sanctions on Pyongyang due to opposition from China and Russia.

Kazianis said the recalcitrant North is unlikely to return to dialogue for the time being, regardless of what concessions it gets.

"North Korea does not see the value of talks at the moment, mainly as its relative positions have been weakened due to the COVID-19 lockdowns the Kim regime has imposed," he said. "Combined with an international climate that sees North Korea as a secondary or even tertiary issue, Kim will likely wait at least a few months before either engaging in talks ― or testing an ICBM or nuclear weapon."

Klinger pointed out the U.S. remains committed to a diplomatic solution for now but that how the North Korea issues unfold from here will depend on the path the North takes.

"It remains uncertain whether Pyongyang will go further up the escalation ladder slowly or quickly," he said.

"But having demonstrated its willingness to break one of its previous moratoriums, the United States and its allies will await the upcoming North Korean birthday anniversaries with greater trepidation to see if the regime dumps another foreign policy crisis into the lap of the Biden administration," he said, apparently referring to the 80th anniversary of the birth of the late North Korean leader Kim Jong-il, which falls Wednesday. (Yonhap)